Middle+Ages+Artifacts


 * The Crowning of Charlemagne || Saint Augustine of Hippo || The Black Death​ ||
 * [[image:Crowning_of_Charlemagne.jpg width="288" height="327"]] || [[image:Saint_Augustine_of_Hippo.jpg width="272" height="368"]] || [[image:The_Black_Death.jpg width="307" height="282"]] ||
 * The picture above is a representation of the crowning of Charlemagne. Charlemagne was crowned on Christmas Day in 800 AD by Pope Leo III. Leo was given the title Pope in 795 in an unanimous election just a day after the death of the previous Pope Adrian I. Because of the possibility of having a questionably illegal election, Leo sent a letter to Charlemagne along with the key to St. Peter's tomb and the flag of Rome, indicating that Leo would follow under Charlemagne's authority. Charlemagne replied saying that he would defend the faith if Leo would pray for Charlemagne's success. Soon after, nobles accused Leo of various crimes and when Charlemagne ignored the charges, the nobles attacked Leo while he was riding a horse in a procession. They planned to blind him and cut out his tongue, making him unable to continue the job of Pope, but they were unsuccessful. Leo escaped, running to Charlemagne where he was sent back to Rome under close guard. Charlemagne then had a commission investigate the charges of Leo. When Charlemagne decided not to make Leo stand trial, it showed his support of the Pope. In return, on Christmas Day in 800, Pope Leo crowned Charlemagne emperor. Charlemagne was considered the greatest emperor during the Middle Ages and died 14 years after his crowning in 814 after conquering large amounts of land. || The picture above is an artwork of Saint Augustine of Hippo, who was considered one of the greatest of the Latin church fathers. Augustine was born to a pagan father and a Christian mother. He was sent to the best schools that his father could afford. He had a normal childhood, like many of his time and bore a son with his wife. onverted to Manichaeanism, a religion that taught that there was a good god and a bad god and the material world was considered bad because it was created by the bad god. Augustine then moved to Milan. While there, Augustine met the bishop of Milan and converted to Christianity. He then moved to a coastal city named Hippo and wanted to live the life of a quiet scholar, but was ordained priest in 391. In 395, he was ordained bishop of Hippo. As bishop, he preached many places and converted many people to Christianity. He wrote many sermons, which developed his theology. In 413, Augustine started writing his largest and most popular work, The City of God. In the massive work he discussed philosophies of history and politics, Christian belief, and Christian theology. Almost twenty years after his greatest work, Augustine died in Hippo. Shortly after, his works were sent to Italy and were used to shape intellectual life and they were even enjoyed by the King of the Franks Charlemagne. || This illustration is a depiction of the torture and execution of men believed to be spreading the disease that caused the Black Death or the Bubonic Plague. Witches, Jews, and vagabonds were believed to cause the disease and spread the plague to others. For this, they were persecuted and killed. During the plague, millions of people died, about a third of Europe's population. Since there was a lack of people and workers, the survivors demanded more money, while the nobles limited wages. Many people were without jobs and consequently, without money or food. Because of the lack of money, the economy dropped greatly and even nobles were left without money. Many people believed that the plague was set upon Europe as punishment by God for all of their sins, but some started to believe that God wasn't as good as once believed, therefore they tried to find new ways to worship and stop the disease. One way that people used to stop the plague was whipping themselves to cleanse them of their sins. When they were clean, they believed that the plague could do them no harm, but it was found that the method helped spread the disease even more. Now, the disease is believed to have spread by rodents, usually black rats that carried fleas. The fleas jumped off of the rats and bit humans, infecting them with the disease, killing them almost all of the time. By the end of the plague, millions of people were left dead and the rest left without money. The Black Plague certainly was the worst natural event that hit medieval Europe and possibly the worst natural event ever to hit the world. ||